Some colored organic compounds in nature can be made into fiber materials or paper, leather, etc. by appropriate methods. Matter is dyed into various beautiful and strong colors. However, some organic compounds with quite bright colors cannot be used as dyes due to their poor affinity to fiber materials and cannot be dyed with appropriate methods or have poor dye fastness. Soluble in water or solvents. can be converted into a solution, or processed into a dispersed state, and has affinity for the dyed matrix, and can be adsorbed or dissolved in the matrix, ultimately enabling dyeing Colored substances that have a uniform color are called dyes. Therefore, dyes are organic compounds that can give dyed objects a bright and strong color.
Different from this, water-insoluble colored substances that can be applied to the surface of materials after preparation and treatment are called pigments. Pigments are small particles of insoluble colored substances. Pigments are not adsorbed by the matrix like dyes. They are often dispersed and suspended in polymer materials with adhesive capabilities.Metal complex dye This colored mixture can be adsorbed by the matrix. If the coloring process strictly requires that the colorant must be insoluble, pigments should be used, such as printing ink. If dyes are used, bleeding circles will be formed on the boundaries of the printed image. The pigment should also have greater opacity, hiding power, and resistance to heat. This can be used for coloring paints and plastics. This chapter will focus on dyes rather than pigments in detail.
Uses of dyes
Dye is mainly used for dyeing various fibers (such as cotton, linen, wool, silk, leather and synthetic fibers, etc.) and is widely used in rubber, plastics, ink, paper making, food and photographic materials and other industries.
(1) Medical dyes are mainly used as cell staining substances.
(2)Biological dyes are used to elucidate protein structure and explore enzyme activity.
(3)Photosensitive dyes. In 1978, the silver consumption of photosensitive materials in various countries around the world was approximately 12,000, especially for X-ray films. Higher silver content. The use of cyanine dyes and the development of color photography greatly improved sensitivity and reduced consumption.
(4) Due to the wide spectral range of dyes, laser dyes have broad spectral bands from near ultraviolet to near infrared, which makes Dyes applied to laser technology.
(5)Optical disc recording material, the optical and acoustic information is recorded on the optical disc material through the action of laser, and then under the action of laser The signal is displayed on the TV screen, which is better than the current tape recording performance. The dyes used in optical disk materials can also be used in solar cells.
(6) Liquid crystal dyes develop electronic color development technology, especially liquid crystal color development, which can lead TV technology to low energy consumption, miniaturization or ultra-large screen orientation, which requires liquid crystal dyes.
(7)Semiconductor dyes are used in photoresistors and spectrally sensitive detectors as components of electrophotographic recording materials.
Only the above can be seen, the dye is not only used in dyeing Satisfy the peopleQuality and culture need services, and they also play a role in the interpenetrating development of modern science and technology.
