Comparison of lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 1. Common characteristics of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate
1. Both can react with hydrochloric acid (or other substances stronger than carbonic acid) Calculation) reaction generates gas that can make clear lime water turbid;
2. Both lime water and barium hydroxide solution produce white precipitate;
3. Aqueous solutions are alkaline ;
4. They are both sodium salts, and the flame reaction is yellow;
5. They can undergo double hydrolysis reactions with aluminum salt or iron salt solutions;
Comparison of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 2. Differences between sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate
1. Thermal stability: sodium carbonate does not decompose when heated, while sodium bicarbonate easily decomposes when heated into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide;
2. Water solubility: Both are easily soluble in water, and the solubility of sodium carbonate is greater than that of sodium bicarbonate;
3. Reaction with carbon dioxide: Sodium carbonate can combine with carbon dioxide (with water) to form sodium bicarbonate, but sodium bicarbonate does not react;
4. Reaction with sodium hydroxide: sodium bicarbonate It can react with sodium hydroxide to form sodium carbonate and water, but sodium bicarbonate does not react;
5. Reaction with calcium chloride: sodium carbonate and calcium chloride (or barium chloride) solution are easy to form Carbonate precipitates, but sodium bicarbonate and dilute salt solutions are not easy to precipitate
6. Reaction with phenol: Sodium carbonate can react with phenol to form sodium phenolate and sodium bicarbonate, but sodium bicarbonate does not Reacts with phenol;
Comparison of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 3. Conversion of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate
1. Sodium bicarbonate in the air Heating can be converted into sodium carbonate;
2. Add an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide to sodium bicarbonate and it can be converted into sodium carbonate;
3. Pour into the sodium carbonate solution Carbon dioxide gas can be converted into sodium bicarbonate;
4. Drop calcium bicarbonate into the sodium carbonate solution and it can be converted into sodium bicarbonate (and calcium carbonate precipitation);
Comparison of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 4. Identification of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate
1. Dropping calcium chloride solution into the two solutions will produce a white precipitate. It is a sodium carbonate solution, and the one that does not produce white precipitate is the sodium bicarbonate solution;
2. Drop dilute hydrochloric acid into the two solutions, and the one that can produce gas immediately is the sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, and the one that cannot produce gas immediately is sodium carbonate solution;
