Features of aluminum phosphide tablets: flammable solid, spontaneous combustion and contact with wet flammable substances
[Chemical Properties] Yellow-green tablets. Highly toxic. Relative density: 2.85 (25℃)
【Fire Hazard】 Highly toxic, it will not burn itself, but it will release phosphine gas that can spontaneously ignite when exposed to acid and moisture. Containing 33% phosphine, it will spontaneously ignite when the temperature exceeds 60°C. When the concentration in the workshop air reaches 0.01 mg/L, it will cause severe poisoning. There is a danger of burning when exposed to water.
[Disposal methods] Dry sand, stone powder, dry powder, carbon dioxide; fire extinguishing agents such as acid and alkali, foam and water are prohibited. Aluminum phosphide tablets are widely used in fumigation and pest control for grain warehouses, tobacco warehouses, Chinese herbal medicine warehouses and other materials.
2. Main uses:
Aluminum phosphide tablets are widely used in fumigation and pest control in grain warehouses, tobacco warehouses, Chinese herbal medicine warehouses and other materials. Notes on the use of aluminum phosphide:
1. The dosage of 56% aluminum phosphide in space is 3-6g/cubic, and the dosage in grain pile is 6-9g/cubic. After application, it should be sealed for 3-15 days and deflated for 2-10 days. The fumigation requirements are low. The average grain temperature is above 10 degrees.
2. All solid and liquid chemicals are strictly prohibited from coming into contact with food.
3. Aluminum phosphide can fumigate various grains, but when fumigating seeds, attention should be paid to: corn moisture <13.5%, wheat moisture <12.5%.
4. For conventional fumigation methods, one or two of the following methods can be used to apply pesticides
a: Application of pesticides on grain surfaces: The pesticides are placed in non-flammable containers. The spacing between the containers is about 1.3 meters. Each tablet should not exceed 150 grams. Tablets must not be overlapped.
b: Buried pesticide application: The height of the grain pile is more than 2 meters. Generally, the buried pesticide method should be used. The pesticide is put into a small bag and buried in the grain pile. Each tablet should not exceed 30 grams.
C: The airflow state of the grain pile should also be considered at the application site. When the average grain temperature is more than 3 degrees higher than the warehouse temperature, pesticides should be applied in the lower layer of the granary or the lower layer of the grain pile.
5. Precautions when using chemicals:
a: It is forbidden to fumigate and deflate at night or in windy and rainy weather. When using aluminum phosphide for fumigation, it is necessary to prevent leakage in the granary or condensation in the tent to prevent water droplets from dripping into the medicine and causing a fire.
b: Containers containing aluminum phosphide should be opened outdoors
C: When fumigating the tent with aluminum phosphide, a certain space should be left above the vessel to facilitate gas diffusion.
D: When aluminum phosphide burns and smokes, you can use dry sand to cover the surface to extinguish the fire. It is strictly forbidden to use fire to extinguish it.
6. Use management and safety protection of chemical hydroxybutyl acrylate
a: Personnel participating in fumigation should wear gas masks, overalls, and gloves.
B: After the grain is fumigated and airtight, and before the air is fully dispersed, no one is allowed to enter unless there are special circumstances.
c: It is forbidden to drink alcohol before and after fumigation, and it is forbidden to eat milk, eggs and other fatty foods.
d: The fumigated granary should be strictly sealed to prevent poisonous gas from leaking out. A certain safety distance must be maintained above and below the building and warehouse and around the outside of the warehouse (20 meters for phosphine). Within this range from the time of pesticide application until the air is fully dispersed, it is strictly prohibited to live in or raise poultry.
Thermoplastic elastomer FG1901
e: After deflating, the residue should be immediately transported to a secluded place 50 meters away from the water source, and a pit should be dug and buried deeply.
7. Cause of fire: Phosphine gas accumulates and cannot diffuse in time, resulting in excessive concentration and spontaneous combustion.
a: The dosage is too concentrated.
b: The medicine comes into contact with water.
c: The gap between the grain pile and the cover is too small. Symptoms and treatment of poisoning: Acute phosphine poisoning is a systemic disease mainly caused by damage to the nervous system and respiratory system after inhaling phosphine gas (or accidentally taking zinc phosphide). Acute phosphine poisoning has a rapid onset, with symptoms of severe poisoning appearing within minutes, but the incubation period in individual patients can reach up to 48 hours.
The main symptoms of acute phosphine poisoning are dizziness, headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, cough, chest tightness, dry throat, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Electrocardiogram shows ST-T changes or liver function abnormalities, which usually recover within 1 week after appropriate treatment.
In addition to the above clinical manifestations, severe poisoning may also have one or more of the following manifestations:
Coma, convulsions, pulmonary edema, shock, obvious myocardial damage, obvious liver and kidney damage, etc. The main risk period is 1 to 3 days after the onset of illness. If you can survive the first week, you can usually recover without leaving any sequelae. When phosphine is inhaled and poisoned, respiratory and nervous system symptoms occur quickly. When zinc phosphide is acutely poisoned by mouth, gastrointestinal symptoms occur earlier and are more prominent. Acute phosphine poisoning can be diagnosed based on the history of exposure or poisoning, clinical examination, on-site labor hygiene investigation, and exclusion of other diseases with similar symptoms. Measurement of serum phosphorus and serum calcium has no diagnostic significance. Leave the scene immediately and follow general first aid procedures. Those who take zinc phosphide orally should actively induce vomiting, gastric lavage, and catharsis to eliminate residual poisons in the gastrointestinal tract. Even if medical treatment has been delayed for a long time, gastric lavage should still be actively performed. Those with symptoms should be observed for at least 24 to 48 hours to detect changes in their condition early. Protect important organ functions and provide adequate nutrition and vitamins. There is no specific antidote and oxime drugs cannot be used. Treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive therapy. Coma, pulmonary edema, liver and kidney damage, etc. must be treated early and actively. The treatment principles and care are similar to those of internal medicine.
