Brief discussion: The difference between lithium iron phosphate battery and lithium battery_Industrial additives

1. Lithium iron phosphate battery

(1) Introduction

Lithium iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium-ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode material. The cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries mainly include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickel oxide, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, etc. Among them, lithium cobalt oxide is the cathode material currently used in most lithium-ion batteries.

(2) Advantages

1. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have a long life and a cycle life of more than 2,000 times. Under the same conditions, lithium iron phosphate batteries can be used for 7 to 8 years.

2. Safe to use. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have undergone strict safety testing and will not explode even in a traffic accident.

3. Fast charging. Using a special charger, the battery can be fully charged at 1.5C in 40 minutes.

4. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are resistant to high temperatures, and the hot air value of lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach 350 to 500 degrees Celsius.

5. Lithium iron phosphate battery has a large capacity.

6. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have no memory effect.

7. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are green, environmentally friendly, non-toxic, non-polluting, have wide sources of raw materials and are cheap.

(3) Disadvantages

1. The tap density of the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate battery is small, and the density is generally around 0.8 to 1.3. Big size.

2. The conductivity is poor, the diffusion rate of lithium ions is slow, and the actual specific capacity is low when charging and discharging at high times.

3. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have poor low-temperature performance.

4. The life of a single lithium iron phosphate battery is long, about 2,000 times, but the life of a lithium iron phosphate battery pack is short, generally about 500 times.

(4) Application fields

Large electric vehicles: buses, electric cars, tourist buses, hybrid vehicles, etc.;

Light electric vehicles: electric bicycles, golf carts, small flat battery vehicles, forklifts, cleaning vehicles, electric wheelchairs, etc.;

Power tools: electric drill, electric saw, lawn mower, etc.;

Remote control cars, boats, airplanes and other toys;

Energy storage equipment for solar and wind power generation;

UPS and emergency lights, warning lights and miner’s lamps (the best safety);

Replaces the 3V disposable lithium battery and the 9V nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery in the camera (the same size);

Small medical equipment and portable instruments, etc.

2. Lithium battery

(1) Introduction

Lithium batteries are a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Because the chemical properties of lithium metal are very active, the processing, storage, and use of lithium metal have very high environmental requirements. Therefore, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have now become mainstream.

(2) Advantages

1. The energy is relatively high. It has high storage energy density, reaching 460-600Wh/kg, which is about 6-7 times that of lead-acid batteries;

2. Long service life, the service life can reach more than 6 years. The battery with lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode is charged and discharged at 1C (100% DOD), and has a record of being used 10,000 times;

3. The rated voltage is high (the working voltage of a single unit is 3.7V or 3.2V), which is approximately equal to the series voltage of three nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries, making it easy to form a battery power pack; lithium batteries can be passed through a The new lithium battery voltage regulator technology adjusts the voltage to 3.0V to suit the use of small electrical appliances;

4. It has high power endurance, among which the lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery used in electric vehicles can reach 15-30C charge and discharge capability facilitates high-intensity startup acceleration;

5. The self-discharge rate is very low, which is one of the most prominent advantages of this battery. It can generally be less than 1%/month, less than 1/20 of nickel-metal hydride batteries;

6. Light weight, the weight is about 1/6-1/5 of lead-acid products in the same volume;

7. It has strong adaptability to high and low temperatures and can be used in the environment of -20℃–60℃. After processing, it can be used in the environment of -45℃;

8. Green and environmentally friendly, regardless of production, use or disposal, it does not contain or produce any toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium.

9. Production basically consumes no water, which is very beneficial to my country, which is short of water. Specific energy refers to energy per unit weight or unit volume. Specific energy is expressed in Wh/kg or Wh/L. Wh is the unit of energy, W is watt, h is hour; kg is kilogram (unit of weight), and L is liter (unit of volume).

(3) Disadvantages

1. Lithium primary batteries have poor safety and risk of explosion.

2. Lithium-ion batteries of lithium cobalt oxide cannot be discharged at high currents, are expensive and have poor safety.

3. Lithium-ion batteries need to protect the circuit to prevent the battery from being overcharged or discharged.

4. The production requirements are high and the cost is high.

5. The use conditions are limited, and the use of high and low temperatures is very dangerous.

(4) Application fields

1. Traffic power supply

2. Electric energy storage power supply

3. Mobile communication power supply

4. New energy storage power electricity

5. Aerospace military power supply